CELL DIVISION

TERMINOLOGY

1. Mitosis
A type of nuclear division which form two daughter cells each having the same number
and kind of chromosome as parent cell

2. Cytokinesis
Division of the cytoplasm

3. Somatic cell
All the cell of an animal or plant than the reproductive cells

4. Reproductive cell
Cell that produce by reproductive organ such as sperm and ovum

5. Chromosome
A thread like structure composed of chromatin and carries genes in a linear sequence which determines the individual characteristics of an organism

6. Gene
A unit of inheritance composed of a sequence of nucleotides of DNA

7. DNA replication
The process whereby DNA makes exact copies of itself

8. Homologous chromosome
Chromosome having the same structural features

9. Diploid
Describing a nucleus, cell or organism with two sets of chromosome, one derived from female parent and the other from the male parent (2n)

10. Haploid
Describing a nucleus, cell or organism with a single set unpaired chromosomes (n)

11. Cloning
Process of producing clones or genetically identical organisms through asexual reproduction

12. Tissue Culture
The growth of tissues of living organism in a suitable and sterile culture medium, containing nutrients and growth hormone

13. Meiosis
Process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in new cells to half the number of chromosomes in the parent cell

14. Synapsis
The close association between homologous chromosomes that develops during the first prophase of meiosis

15. Bivalent
The two chromosomes move together and an exact pairing of corresponding points.

16. Tetrad
Two homologous chromosomes that contain four chromatid

17. Crossing over
Non sister chromatids exchange segmen of DNA

18. Chiasmata
The points at which segments of chromatids cross over